關于加強農村飲用水水源(yuan)保(bao)護工作(zuo)的指導意見(jian)

　　各省、自(zi)治區、直轄市、新疆生產建設兵團環境保護廳(局)、水(shui)利(水(shui)務)廳(局)：

　　近年來，我國(guo)飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)取得積(ji)極(ji)進(jin)展，城鄉(xiang)居民飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安全(quan)保障水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平持續(xu)提升。但(dan)是，由于農(nong)村飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)點多面廣、單個水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)規模較小、部分早(zao)期建設的飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程老化失修(xiu)等原因，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護管理基(ji)礎薄弱、防(fang)護措施(shi)不(bu)足、長效運行(xing)機制不(bu)完善等問題依然存在，農(nong)村水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)事(shi)件時有發生。為貫(guan)徹黨的十(shi)八(ba)(ba)大和(he)十(shi)八(ba)(ba)屆(jie)二中、三(san)中、四中全(quan)會精神，落實(shi)《政府工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)報告》總體部署，進(jin)一步推進(jin)農(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安全(quan)工(gong)(gong)程建設，加強(qiang)農(nong)村飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，按照(zhao)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動計劃》要求，提出如下指導意(yi)見：

　　一、分類(lei)推進水(shui)源保護(hu)區或保護(hu)范圍劃定工作

　　以(yi)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人口(kou)多、環境敏感的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)及農村飲(yin)(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安全工(gong)程規劃(hua)(hua)支持(chi)建設的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為重點，由(you)地(di)方人民政府按(an)規定(ding)(ding)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)計劃(hua)(hua)，明(ming)確(que)劃(hua)(hua)定(ding)(ding)時限(xian)，按(an)期完(wan)成農村飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)或保(bao)護(hu)范圍劃(hua)(hua)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)。對供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人口(kou)在一千(qian)人以(yi)上(shang)的集中(zhong)式(shi)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，按(an)照(zhao)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污染(ran)防治法》《水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)法》等(deng)法律(lv)法規要求，參照(zhao)《飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)劃(hua)(hua)分技術規范》，科學編碼并劃(hua)(hua)定(ding)(ding)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu);日供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1000噸或服務(wu)人口(kou)10000人以(yi)上(shang)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，應于2016年(nian)底前(qian)完(wan)成保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)劃(hua)(hua)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)。對供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人口(kou)小于一千(qian)人的飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，參照(zhao)《分散式(shi)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地(di)環境保(bao)護(hu)指南(試行)》(以(yi)下簡稱《分散式(shi)指南》)，劃(hua)(hua)定(ding)(ding)保(bao)護(hu)范圍。

　　對已建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成投運(yun)的(de)(de)農(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)及管理(li)單(dan)位應(ying)于2015年底(di)前向當地環(huan)(huan)保(bao)和(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利部門提供相關(guan)基礎資料，協(xie)助做好(hao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)或(huo)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)(fan)圍的(de)(de)劃(hua)分及規范(fan)(fan)管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。對新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、改建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)農(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)位應(ying)在選址階段進行水(shui)(shui)(shui)量、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質、水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)或(huo)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)(fan)圍劃(hua)分方案的(de)(de)論證(zheng);水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)和(he)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)(fan)圍的(de)(de)劃(hua)分、標志建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)綜合(he)整治等工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，應(ying)與農(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程同時(shi)設(she)計、同時(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、同時(shi)驗收。

　　二、加強農(nong)村飲用(yong)水水源規范(fan)化(hua)建設

　　一是設立(li)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護區(qu)標(biao)志(zhi)。地(di)方各級(ji)環保(bao)、水(shui)利等部門，要(yao)(yao)按照當地(di)政府要(yao)(yao)求，參照《飲(yin)用水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護區(qu)標(biao)志(zhi)技(ji)術要(yao)(yao)求》《集中式飲(yin)用水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)環境保(bao)護指(zhi)南(nan)(試行(xing))》(以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)《集中式指(zhi)南(nan)》)及《分散式指(zhi)南(nan)》，在飲(yin)用水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護區(qu)的(de)邊(bian)界設立(li)明(ming)確的(de)地(di)理界標(biao)和明(ming)顯的(de)警示(shi)標(biao)志(zhi)，加(jia)強(qiang)飲(yin)用水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)標(biao)志(zhi)及隔(ge)離設施(shi)的(de)管理維護。

　　二是推進農村水源環境監管及綜合整治。地方各級環保部門要會同有關部門，參照《集中式指南》《分散式指南》等文件，自2015年起，分期分批調查評估農村飲用水水源環境狀況。對可能影響農村飲用水水源環境安全的化工、造紙、冶煉、制藥等重點行業、重點污染源，要加強執法監管和風險防范，避免突發環境事件影響水源安全。結合農村環境綜合整治工作，開展水源規范化建設，加強水源周邊生活污水、垃圾及畜禽養殖廢棄物的處理處置，綜合防治農藥化肥等面源污染。針對因人類活動影響超標的水源，研究制定水質達標方案，因地制宜地開展水源污染防治工作。

　　三是提升水質監測及檢測能力。地方各級水利、環保部門要配合發展改革、衛生計生等部門，按照本級人民政府部署，結合《關于加強農村飲水安全工程水質檢測能力建設的指導意見》的落實，提升供水工程水質檢測設施裝備水平和檢測能力，滿足農村飲水工程的常規水質檢測需求。加強農村飲水工程的水源及水廠水質監測和檢測，重點落實日供水1000噸或服務人口10000人以上的供水工程水質檢測責任。地方各級環保部門要按照《全國農村環境質量試點監測工作方案》要求，開展農村飲用水水源水質監測工作。

　　四是防(fang)范水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境風險(xian)。地方(fang)各級環(huan)(huan)保(bao)部門要會同有關(guan)部門，排查(cha)農村飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)周(zhou)邊(bian)環(huan)(huan)境隱患，建(jian)立風險(xian)源(yuan)(yuan)名錄。指導、督促排污(wu)單位，按照(zhao)《突(tu)發事件應(ying)(ying)對法(fa)》和《突(tu)發環(huan)(huan)境事件應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案(an)(an)管理暫行辦法(fa)》規定，做(zuo)好突(tu)發水(shui)(shui)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)事故的風險(xian)控制(zhi)、應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)準備、應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)處置、事后恢復以及應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案(an)(an)的編(bian)制(zhi)、評估、發布、備案(an)(an)、演練等工(gong)作。參照(zhao)《集中(zhong)式地表飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)地環(huan)(huan)境應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)管理工(gong)作指南(試行)》，以縣或鄉鎮(zhen)行政區域為基本單元，編(bian)制(zhi)農村飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)突(tu)發環(huan)(huan)境事件應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案(an)(an);一旦發生污(wu)染(ran)(ran)事件，立即(ji)啟動應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)方(fang)案(an)(an)，采取有效措施保(bao)障群(qun)眾飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)安(an)全。

　　三、健(jian)全農村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)工程及水(shui)(shui)源保護長(chang)效(xiao)機制

　　地方各(ge)級水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)、環(huan)保部門要會同有(you)關部門，結合(he)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)、農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)環(huan)境(jing)綜合(he)整治、新農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)建(jian)(jian)設(she)等工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，多渠道籌(chou)集水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保護資金;按照《農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安全工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)管理辦法(fa)》等規定，切實加強資金管理;落實用電用地和稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠等政(zheng)策，推進縣級農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)機構(gou)、環(huan)境(jing)監測機構(gou)和維修養護基(ji)金建(jian)(jian)設(she)，保障工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)長效(xiao)運行，確(que)(que)保飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)安全、穩定、長期發揮效(xiao)益。嚴格工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)驗收(shou)，確(que)(que)保工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量，未按要求(qiu)驗收(shou)或驗收(shou)不合(he)格的要限期整改。明確(que)(que)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)及(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管護主(zhu)體。指導、督(du)促農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理單位，建(jian)(jian)立健全水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)巡查制度，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)發現并制止威脅供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安全的行為;規范開展水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)(ji)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監測和檢測，發現異常(chang)情況及(ji)(ji)時(shi)向主(zhu)管部門報告，必要時(shi)啟動(dong)應急供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。

　　四、進一(yi)步加強組織領導

　　進(jin)一步提高認(ren)識，認(ren)真履行職責、密切配合(he)、協同作戰(zhan)，切實加強農村飲水(shui)安全(quan)保障工作。

　　地(di)方各級(ji)環保部門要會同水(shui)利、發展改革(ge)、住(zhu)房城鄉建(jian)設、衛生(sheng)計生(sheng)等部門，加(jia)快推進農村飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)環境(jing)狀況調(diao)查評(ping)估(gu)工作，抓緊劃定水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保護區或保護范(fan)圍，組織(zhi)編(bian)制農村飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保護相關管理(li)辦法，加(jia)強水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保護區環境(jing)綜合整治及規范(fan)化建(jian)設等工作。

　　地(di)方各級水(shui)利部(bu)門(men)要(yao)會同環保(bao)、發展改(gai)革(ge)、住房(fang)城鄉建設(she)(she)、衛生計生等部(bu)門(men)，因地(di)制宜優化水(shui)源布局，推進(jin)區域(yu)集(ji)中供(gong)水(shui)，加強農村飲(yin)(yin)水(shui)工程建設(she)(she)及管理，組織制定相關規范性文(wen)件，落實安全(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)措施，及時發現(xian)和(he)消除安全(quan)隱(yin)患，持續提升農村居民(min)飲(yin)(yin)水(shui)安全(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)水(shui)平(ping)。

　　五(wu)、強化宣傳教育和公眾參與

　　地方各(ge)級水(shui)(shui)利、環保(bao)部門(men)要會同(tong)有關部門(men)，切實加強(qiang)農村飲用水(shui)(shui)安全、水(shui)(shui)源保(bao)護(hu)等相關知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)及工作的宣傳力度，增強(qiang)農村居民水(shui)(shui)源保(bao)護(hu)意識(shi)(shi)。按照本級人民政府要求，逐步公布水(shui)(shui)源水(shui)(shui)和出廠水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質狀(zhuang)況，搭(da)建公眾參與平(ping)臺，強(qiang)化(hua)社會監督，構建全民行動格局，切實提升農村飲水(shui)(shui)安全保(bao)障水(shui)(shui)平(ping)。

　　環境保護部(bu)辦(ban)公廳

　　水(shui)利部辦(ban)公廳

　　2015年6月4日

　　環境保護部辦公廳2015年(nian)6月8日印發