日(ri)前，質(zhi)檢(jian)總局科技司官(guan)員(yuan)王越薇在(zai)全國(guo)進(jin)出口(kou)商品質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全風險管理工作推進(jin)部署(shu)會上報告，主題是檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測認(ren)證機構整(zheng)合改革的進(jin)展報告。

　　質檢(jian)(jian)總局科技司王越薇(wei)講到(dao)，檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構整合改(gai)革(ge)(ge)是黨中央和國(guo)務(wu)院下(xia)發的一項重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)任務(wu)，是國(guo)務(wu)院為加快轉變(bian)政府職能，推(tui)(tui)進政企(qi)分開、事企(qi)分開、管辦分離的重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)舉措。檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構改(gai)革(ge)(ge)推(tui)(tui)進一年多(duo)來，取得了(le)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)進展。據統(tong)計，到(dao)2014年低，全(quan)國(guo)事業(ye)單位性質的檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構同比下(xia)降1.97%，企(qi)業(ye)性質的檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構同比上(shang)升1.52%。檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構整合改(gai)革(ge)(ge)對檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)行業(ye)特別是事業(ye)單位產生(sheng)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)影(ying)響。

　　改革的進展和成果

　　從中央層面，按(an)照國(guo)務院辦公(gong)廳轉發質(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總(zong)局(ju)關(guan)于(yu)整合(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測認證機構(gou)實(shi)施(shi)意見的(de)通知，質(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總(zong)局(ju)成(cheng)立了11個(ge)部(bu)門(men)組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)整合(he)(he)工作(zuo)組(zu)，收(shou)到(dao)24份中央部(bu)門(men)整合(he)(he)實(shi)施(shi)方案(an)或(huo)指導意見，部(bu)門(men)整合(he)(he)工作(zuo)有序(xu)進行。為了加強(qiang)對(dui)先期事檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)單位的(de)政策支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)，科技司和發改(gai)委高(gao)技術司聯合(he)(he)實(shi)施(shi)對(dui)高(gao)技術產(chan)業的(de)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)力度(du)，優(you)先支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)轉企改(gai)制(zhi)整合(he)(he)力度(du)大、成(cheng)效(xiao)顯著(zhu)的(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機構(gou);優(you)先支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)參與國(guo)家檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測高(gao)技術服務業及地區建設;優(you)先支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)實(shi)施(shi)跨(kua)部(bu)門(men)、跨(kua)層級、跨(kua)地區整合(he)(he)組(zu)建大型檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測集團的(de)機構(gou)。目前(qian)相關(guan)項目的(de)申報工作(zuo)已結束，并(bing)上報至發改(gai)委。

　　科技(ji)司和科技(ji)部(bu)政法司聯合開展(zhan)質(zhi)檢系統(tong)檢驗檢測認證機構的轉企改制，提升科技(ji)服務(wu)能(neng)力(li)的質(zhi)檢項(xiang)目，明(ming)確了三(san)個方面的質(zhi)檢任務(wu)：

　　一是加快推進具備條件(jian)的檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測認(ren)證機構的轉企(qi)改(gai)制;

　　二(er)是(shi)加(jia)強檢驗(yan)檢測認證科技服務能力和服務體制(zhi)建設;

　　三是要探索建立檢驗檢測認證服務的新型管理(li)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)，并制(zhi)定試點配套政策。

　　從質檢系統層面，質檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總(zong)局(ju)(ju)作(zuo)為全國(guo)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)認證(zheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)改(gai)革的(de)(de)牽頭部門之(zhi)一(yi)，需完成的(de)(de)三個主要的(de)(de)整(zheng)改(gai)任務：一(yi)是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)質量認證(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)及直(zhi)屬檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)局(ju)(ju)所屬的(de)(de)31家評審(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，整(zheng)體(ti)轉企改(gai)制，并(bing)入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)集團。此項目已經(jing)上(shang)報中(zhong)(zhong)央，等待批復(fu);二是整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)出(chu)入(ru)境檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)系統的(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)認證(zheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)對(dui)同一(yi)區域內的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)進行綜合(he)(he)(he)設置(zhi)，總(zong)局(ju)(ju)先建(jian)立公益(yi)一(yi)類機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)和(he)公益(yi)二類機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)平(ping)臺，將涉及衛生(sheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)、動植(zhi)物(wu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)、食品(pin)安(an)全以及風(feng)險防控等不易或不能(neng)由市場配(pei)置(zhi)資源(yuan)的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)職(zhi)能(neng)進行整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)，名稱分為區名加上(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，劃為公益(yi)一(yi)類;技術中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)、保健中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)其余的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)職(zhi)能(neng)在(zai)直(zhi)屬局(ju)(ju)范圍內再分別進行縱向整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)，劃入(ru)公益(yi)二類，目前正在(zai)與中(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)辦(ban)、財(cai)政(zheng)部磋商。三是開展特(te)(te)種設備(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)試(shi)點，去年11月，山(shan)東特(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)院(yuan)等8家簽(qian)署協議，共(gong)同組建(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特(te)(te)種設備(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)集團，現已發展到15家，數家機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)正在(zai)商量加入(ru)事宜。

　　從地方層面，去年(nian)9月(yue)，中央編辦(ban)同質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)總局(ju)在(zai)武漢召開(kai)(kai)部分省(sheng)(sheng)整合(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)工(gong)(gong)作座談會，對地方(fang)整合(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)作提出(chu)要求(qiu)。今年(nian)3月(yue)，總局(ju)印發全國(guo)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)系(xi)統檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)認證機(ji)構(gou)(gou)整合(he)(he)指導(dao)意見(jian)，明確(que)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)系(xi)統檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)認證機(ji)構(gou)(gou)按照公(gong)(gong)益(yi)類和經營(ying)類兩(liang)類進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)整合(he)(he)。部署了整合(he)(he)改(gai)革的(de)三(san)大重點任務(wu)(wu)、六大改(gai)革試點和四項保障措施。近期，部分省(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)市(shi)，在(zai)政(zheng)(zheng)府主導(dao)下(xia)，整合(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)作取得積(ji)極進(jin)(jin)(jin)展，湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)正在(zai)報批長江(jiang)(jiang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)集(ji)團整合(he)(he)改(gai)革方(fang)案，湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)特檢(jian)(jian)(jian)院縱向整合(he)(he)全省(sheng)(sheng)15家特檢(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)后(hou)(hou)，規模、能力和效益(yi)都(dou)(dou)顯著提升(sheng)。江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)2005年(nian)整合(he)(he)全省(sheng)(sheng)95家特檢(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)基礎上(shang)，今年(nian)4月(yue)，江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)特檢(jian)(jian)(jian)院申請作為(wei)出(chu)資人投資2000萬元，組(zu)建江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)特檢(jian)(jian)(jian)科技有(you)(you)限責任公(gong)(gong)司，開(kai)(kai)始向市(shi)場轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型探索。此外，江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)首個檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)服務(wu)(wu)業(ye)集(ji)聚區(qu)揭牌，50余(yu)家檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)和服務(wu)(wu)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)落戶南(nan)(nan)京。云南(nan)(nan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)將楚雄等6個自治州(zhou)、縣出(chu)口檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)人、財、物整合(he)(he)至(zhi)省(sheng)(sheng)珠寶質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)研究院，打造云南(nan)(nan)珠寶質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)平臺的(de)形象。山東省(sheng)(sheng)已(yi)對全省(sheng)(sheng)特檢(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)實施整合(he)(he)，整體轉(zhuan)(zhuan)企改(gai)制(zhi)，不設(she)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)服務(wu)(wu)以(yi)政(zheng)(zheng)府購買服務(wu)(wu)方(fang)式實現。浙江(jiang)(jiang)海(hai)鹽原(yuan)標(biao)準件(jian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)中心完(wan)成了從縣級事業(ye)單(dan)位到國(guo)有(you)(you)控(kong)股檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)技術有(you)(you)限公(gong)(gong)司的(de)改(gai)制(zhi)。廣州(zhou)市(shi)積(ji)極推進(jin)(jin)(jin)國(guo)家檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)高技術服務(wu)(wu)業(ye)集(ji)聚區(qu)建設(she)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)整合(he)(he)方(fang)案和檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)認證集(ji)團組(zu)建方(fang)案已(yi)經報批市(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)府。成都(dou)(dou)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)院2014年(nian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)收入(ru)超過2.4億元，同比(bi)增長20%，正在(zai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)下(xia)一步的(de)研究探索，實現公(gong)(gong)司實體化，最(zui)終(zhong)實現事業(ye)單(dan)位轉(zhuan)(zhuan)企改(gai)制(zhi)。另外，江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)、貴(gui)州(zhou)、浙江(jiang)(jiang)都(dou)(dou)先后(hou)(hou)印刷了本省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)認證機(ji)構(gou)(gou)整合(he)(he)指導(dao)意見(jian)。

　　存在問題

　　一個(ge)是缺(que)乏倒(dao)逼機制，目前(qian)事業(ye)單位檢驗檢測(ce)認證機構能取得(de)財政補助，可(ke)借助部門行業(ye)的優(you)勢承載市場業(ye)務，缺(que)乏改革(ge)的壓力和動力，相(xiang)當一部分機構和主管部門不愿意整合，強調(diao)自己的公益(yi)性和不可(ke)替代性。

　　二是(shi)激(ji)勵(li)措施不足(zu)，國務(wu)院(yuan)發(fa)布(bu)了關于機(ji)關事(shi)業單位(wei)工作人(ren)員(yuan)養老保險制度的決(jue)定，對檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測認(ren)證機(ji)構整合最關心的社會保障(zhang)問題(ti)，但(dan)是(shi)缺乏(fa)機(ji)構轉企(qi)改制的激(ji)勵(li)措施。

　　三(san)是監管沒有統(tong)一(yi)的法(fa)律制(zhi)度，這還需(xu)要國家層面出臺政策，解決(jue)事業單位轉企改制(zhi)的問題。

　　下一步措施

　　一(yi)是明確(que)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)單(dan)位(wei)的(de)定(ding)位(wei)。推進檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測認證機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)改革(ge)，首先(xian)要(yao)明確(que)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)定(ding)位(wei)，一(yi)類(lei)是政(zheng)府(fu)編(bian)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測不(bu)收費(fei)，由政(zheng)府(fu)買單(dan)，另一(yi)類(lei)是經營類(lei)，其中非(fei)盈利機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)準成(cheng)本收費(fei)，稅收予以優惠，對(dui)盈利機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)，市場(chang)要(yao)完(wan)全放開(kai)，公(gong)平競爭，不(bu)能既享受政(zheng)府(fu)投入，又在市場(chang)營收;不(bu)能既要(yao)行政(zheng)級別(bie)又要(yao)市場(chang)收入，質(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)總局將(jiang)和中編(bian)辦進一(yi)步明確(que)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)單(dan)位(wei)，特別(bie)是公(gong)益一(yi)類(lei)和公(gong)益二類(lei)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)單(dan)位(wei)的(de)定(ding)位(wei)，要(yao)求事(shi)業(ye)(ye)單(dan)位(wei)性(xing)質(zhi)的(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)疫認證機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)從競爭性(xing)領域退(tui)出，不(bu)得從事(shi)盈利性(xing)業(ye)(ye)務，形成(cheng)改革(ge)的(de)倒逼機(ji)(ji)制。

　　二(er)是促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)購(gou)買，研究制定檢驗(yan)檢測認證服行(xing)業的政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)購(gou)買服務的具體管(guan)理規定，促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)部門行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)執法(fa)監管(guan)，或市場監督抽查等采(cai)取社(she)會購(gou)買服務，或者采(cai)信(xin)第三方檢驗(yan)檢測認證結果的方式。

　　三是加(jia)快推進行(xing)(xing)政法規立法，建(jian)立統(tong)一(yi)完(wan)善的檢驗(yan)(yan)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)認(ren)證機構監管(guan)制度，加(jia)強行(xing)(xing)業和市場監管(guan)，進一(yi)步規范檢驗(yan)(yan)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)行(xing)(xing)業行(xing)(xing)政職責(ze)和審(shen)批事(shi)項，取消(xiao)行(xing)(xing)業限制，結(jie)合紅頂(ding)中介清理工作(zuo)，禁止部門所屬的檢驗(yan)(yan)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)認(ren)證中介機構以行(xing)(xing)政權利承(cheng)接相關檢驗(yan)(yan)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)認(ren)證業務。

　　目(mu)前質檢(jian)總局正和中編辦研究起草深化檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)認(ren)證(zheng)機構(gou)改(gai)革的實施(shi)意見，計(ji)劃在今年11月召開全國(guo)檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)認(ren)證(zheng)機構(gou)整(zheng)合工作會(hui)(hui)議(yi)，組織33個中央部(bu)門代(dai)表和全國(guo)質檢(jian)部(bu)門的代(dai)表參會(hui)(hui)，部(bu)署加快各(ge)級檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)機構(gou)整(zheng)合、轉企改(gai)制、所有制改(gai)革等相關(guan)工作，進(jin)一步加大全國(guo)檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)認(ren)證(zheng)機構(gou)的整(zheng)合改(gai)革推進(jin)力度。