近日，云南省首個城市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱島(dao)效(xiao)應(ying)監測站(zhan)網在昆(kun)明(ming)主(zhu)城區建成并投入運(yun)用(yong)，這不僅(jin)標志著昆(kun)明(ming)城市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱島(dao)效(xiao)應(ying)強度(du)評估(gu)研(yan)究(jiu)工(gong)作正(zheng)式啟(qi)動，還將為(wei)昆(kun)明(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建設世界知名旅游城市(shi)(shi)(shi)和2017年創(chuang)建國家生態園(yuan)林城市(shi)(shi)(shi)提供更全面的決策性依據(ju)。

　　城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島現象即城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)和(he)郊(jiao)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)溫度差異，是反映城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)環境(jing)質量(liang)的(de)(de)重要指標，也是昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)2017年創建國(guo)家生態(tai)園林(lin)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)重要指標。城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島效應的(de)(de)重要特征是城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)氣(qi)(qi)溫明(ming)(ming)顯高(gao)于(yu)郊(jiao)區(qu)(qu)。引起城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島效應的(de)(de)原因有多(duo)方(fang)面，如城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)人口密集、建筑密布、各(ge)種消耗(hao)能(neng)量(liang)的(de)(de)設施不(bu)停地耗(hao)散(san)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)能(neng)，高(gao)樓大(da)廈林(lin)立，使城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)中的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)溫、濕度及煙塵(chen)擴散(san)與郊(jiao)區(qu)(qu)截然不(bu)同(tong)，形成城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)特有的(de)(de)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，特別是氣(qi)(qi)溫和(he)污染明(ming)(ming)顯高(gao)于(yu)郊(jiao)區(qu)(qu)。

　　昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)網建(jian)設(she)按(an)照“四創(chuang)兩爭”的總(zong)體要(yao)(yao)求，緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞(rao)國(guo)家生態(tai)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)建(jian)的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)強度(du)(du)指(zhi)標進(jin)行(xing)建(jian)設(she)，更好地反(fan)映了(le)國(guo)家園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)和國(guo)家生態(tai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)的最新成果。昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)網由昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)氣象(xiang)局(ju)、昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)建(jian)辦和昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林綠(lv)化(hua)(hua)局(ju)共(gong)同出資，分(fen)別在(zai)昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)月牙(ya)塘公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、圓通山公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和大觀公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)設(she)3套自動氣象(xiang)站(zhan)(zhan)，形成昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)網。觀測(ce)內容包(bao)括氣溫、降水、濕度(du)(du)、風(feng)向、風(feng)速等氣象(xiang)要(yao)(yao)素。主(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)網建(jian)成后，昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)將進(jin)一(yi)步完善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)動態(tai)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)制(zhi)，按(an)年(nian)度(du)(du)發布城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島監(jian)(jian)測(ce)公報，跟蹤研究昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)的形成機(ji)理(li)和強度(du)(du)變化(hua)(hua)規律，推(tui)進(jin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)組(zu)團規劃(hua)設(she)計、綠(lv)化(hua)(hua)隔(ge)離帶設(she)置及(ji)生態(tai)廊道建(jian)設(she)，爭取把昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)島效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)強度(du)(du)控制(zhi)在(zai)2.5℃內。